Living Soil
The creatures living in the soil are critical to soil health. They affect soil structure and, therefore, soil erosion and water availability. They can protect crops from pests and diseases. They are central to decomposition and nutrient cycling and therefore affect plant growth and the amount of pollutants in the environment. Finally, the soil is home to a large proportion of the world's genetic diversity.
Living soil is a term used to describe soil that is teeming with a diverse community of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and protozoa. These microorganisms interact with each other and with plants in a complex ecosystem that is critical to the health and productivity of the soil.
Living soil is characterized by high levels of organic matter, which serves as a food source for microorganisms. It is also well-aerated, allowing oxygen to flow through the soil and supporting aerobic organisms. In addition, living soil is usually moist, providing a suitable environment for microorganisms to thrive.
The benefits of living soil are many. Microorganisms help to break down organic matter, making nutrients available to plants. They also help to suppress harmful soil-borne diseases and pests and can improve soil structure, making it more resilient to erosion and compaction. Living soil can also store carbon, helping to mitigate climate change.
Increased nutrient density: Living soil contains a diverse community of microorganisms that can help break down organic matter, making nutrients more available to plants.
Improved soil structure: Living soil is rich in organic matter, which can help improve soil structure and water retention, making it easier for plants to access nutrients and water.
Reduced need for fertilizers and pesticides: Because living soil is rich in nutrients and microorganisms, it can reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, which can be harmful to the environment.
Increased plant health: Living soil can help support healthy plant growth by improving soil fertility and reducing the risk of soil-borne diseases.
Environmental benefits: Living soil can help reduce soil erosion and improve water quality by reducing run-off and improving soil structure. It can also help sequester carbon, which can help mitigate climate change.
Farmers and gardeners who practice regenerative agriculture aim to promote living soil by avoiding the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, reducing tillage, and adding organic matter to the soil. By doing so, they can support a healthy soil ecosystem and improve the long-term sustainability of their land.